Peran Status Gizi sebagai Faktor Risiko Kerentanan Tuberkulosis pada Anak Usia di Bawah Lima Tahun

Abstrak

Background: TB is a health problem that Indonesia still faces. One of the factors that plays a role in increasing the vulnerability of toddlers to tuberculosis is nutritional status. Nutritional status reflects the balance between body needs and nutritional intake, which is very important to support children's growth and development. During toddlerhood, rapid growth requires adequate dietary intake. If nutritional intake is not met properly, children are at risk of malnutrition in the form of stunting, wasting, or underweight. This malnutrition will weaken the immune system, making children more susceptible to infections, including tuberculosis. Objective: This study aims to explore the relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of TB in toddlers. Method: This study uses a literature review approach by taking data from the Google Scholar and PubMed databases. The literature review process was carried out systematically with reference to the PRISMA guidelines. The search using keywords in English "nutritional status", "tuberculosis", "toddler", in Indonesian "status nutrisi", "tuberkulosis", "balita", obtained 11 articles. Results: Nutritional status was shown to be significantly correlated with the incidence of TB in toddlers. Conclusion: There is an important relationship between nutritional status and the risk of TB in toddlers.

Keywords: nutritional status, tuberculosis, toddler