Analysis of Major Risk Factors for Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Study in North Aceh, Indonesia

Abstract

Introduction: Awareness and prevention are key to reducing the number of newly diagnosed individuals with Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Awareness involves understanding the risk factors associated with the disease. Recognizing these risk factors is essential for encouraging positive health behaviors and supporting lifestyle changes. However, only 55 % of individuals are aware that a family history of DM is a risk factor. Public health strategies for DM prevention focus on weight management and promotion of a healthy lifestyle. Research Objective : To identify the risk factors associated with diabetes mellitus in the service area of the Dewantara Public Health Center, North Aceh Regency, in 2024. Research Methods: This quantitative study used a cross-sectional approach. The study population consisted of 165 individuals diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who sought treatment at the Dewantara Public Health Center in 2024. A total of 62 participants were selected using accidental sampling. Independent variables included family history of DM, lifestyle, and obesity. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using the Chi-square test. Research Results: There was a statistically significant relationship between family history (p = 0.045), lifestyle (p = 0.035), and obesity (p = 0.001) with the incidence of DM. Conclusions: Family history, unhealthy lifestyle, and obesity were significantly associated (p < 0.05) with the incidence of diabetes mellitus in the study area